cell

cell
n.
the basic unit of all living organisms, which can reproduce itself exactly (see mitosis). Each cell is bounded by a cell membrane of lipids and protein, which controls the passage of substances into and out of the cell. Cells contain cytoplasm, in which are suspended a nucleus and other structures (organelles) specialized to carry out particular activities in the cell .
Complex organisms are built up of millions of cells that are specially adapted to carry out particular functions. The process of cell differentiation begins early on in the development of the embryo and cells of a particular type (e.g. blood cells, liver cells) always give rise to cells of the same type. Each cell has a particular number of chromosomes in its nucleus. The sex cells (sperm and ova) always contain half the number of chromosomes of all the other cells of the body (see meiosis); at fertilization a sperm and ovum combine to form a cell with a complete set of chromosomes that will develop into the embryo.

The new mediacal dictionary. 2014.

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  • Cell — Cell, n. [OF. celle, fr. L. cella; akin to celare to hide, and E. hell, helm, conceal. Cf. {Hall}.] 1. A very small and close apartment, as in a prison or in a monastery or convent; the hut of a hermit. [1913 Webster] The heroic confessor in his… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • cell — cell; cell·fal·cic·u·la; cell·vib·rio; cni·do·cell; en·sor·cell; ovi·cell; pho·to·cell; semi·cell; uni·cell; en·sor·cell·ment; mi·cell; …   English syllables

  • cell — [sel] noun [countable usually singular] TELECOMMUNICATIONS a cell * * * cell UK US /sel/ noun [C] mainly US INFORMAL ► another word for CELL PHONE(Cf. ↑ …   Financial and business terms

  • cell — W1 [sel] n ▬▬▬▬▬▬▬ 1¦(body)¦ 2¦(prison)¦ 3¦(phone)¦ 4¦(electric)¦ 5¦(secret group)¦ 6¦(religious)¦ 7¦(insect/small animal)¦ ▬▬▬▬▬▬▬ [Date: 1100 1200; : Old French; Origin: celle, from …   Dictionary of contemporary English

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  • cell — early 12c., small room, from L. cella small room, store room, hut, related to L. celare to hide, conceal, from PIE root *kel conceal (Cf. Skt. cala hut, house, hall; Gk. kalia hut, nest, kalyptein to cover, koleon sheath …   Etymology dictionary

  • cell — [ sel ] noun count *** ▸ 1 small part of body ▸ 2 small room ▸ 3 for making electricity ▸ 4 cellphone area ▸ 5 on computer screen ▸ 6 small group of people ▸ 7 cellphone 1. ) the smallest part of a living structure that can operate as an… …   Usage of the words and phrases in modern English

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